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A 2nd Viennese School was the class action of composers made up of Arnold Schoenberg and those world health organization exposed under him within early 20th century Vienna. Their matured music is characterized by atonalism and Schoenberg's twelve tone technique, though Schoenberg's teaching (as his various promulgated school text demonstrate) was extremely traditional & conservative, & did non include discussion of his serial method.
A main members of the school, besides Schoenberg, were Alban Berg and Anton Webern, although there are lesser known composers who peradventure ought to exist as covered per term, like a Greek Nikolaos Skalkottas.
A 'First Viennese School', which is rarely known as such except compared to to the 2nd, is usually taken to consist of Vienna-depending composers working in the late 18th and early 19th century, particularly Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Joseph Haydn, Ludwig van Beethoven and Franz Schubert.
de:Zweite Wiener Schule
fr:Seconde école de Vienne
nl:Tweede Weense School
pl:Druga Szkoła Wiedeńska
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The Order of Numbers in the Second Viennese School of Music
Mathematical background for help in understanding the some of the works of Schoenberg, Berg, Webern, and Milton Babbitt by Carlota Simões, Department of Mathematics, University of Coimbra, Portugal.
Second Viennese School
Wikipedia article noting principles of atonalism and serialism which characterized the movement and listing its main members and suggesting other possible people who might be included.
Arnold Schoenberg and the Second Viennese School
Biographies, photographs, and musical overviews with accompanying material on Schoenberg, Berg, and Webern from the Internet Public Library's Music History 102.
Remembering the Second Viennese School
Blog by Charles T. Downey shows the beginnings and evolution of the group, including a reminiscence by Schoenberg.
The BBC and the Ultra-modern Problem: A Documentary Study of the British Broadcasting Corporation's Dissemination of Second Viennese School Repertory, 1922-36
Abstract of the 1993 PhD dissertation of Jennifer R. Doctor at Northwestern University noting policy decisions and actions and the changes in thought concerning the airing of this newer musical style.
A Comparison of the Approaches of Schoenberg, Berg and Webern to Serialism in Their Music
Essay by Rebecca Taylor for Music Teachers UK examines similarities and differences in their works.
Row Marks in the Serial Works of Schoenber, Berg, and Webern
Basic analysis by Professor Justin London. Includes links, references, and credits.
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